Researchers at the Mayo Clinic in Rochester led by presenter Dr. Hiroaki Takahashi, PhD, conducted a clinical trial in 243 patients referred to their center for either initial staging (untreated high-risk prostate cancer) or for restaging (biochemically recurrent disease). Referring providers were asked to complete a survey specifying therapy that was planned before and after receiving the results of PSMA-PET/CT or PET/MRI scans. Patient charts were reviewed to identify the imaging results and any previous imaging, including choline-11 (C-11) PET/CT, performed within one year prior to the PSMA scan.
PSMA-PET was performed for biochemically recurrent prostate cancer in 221 patients and for untreated high-risk disease in 22 patients, The modality changed management for 76.5% (169/221) of the patients with biochemically recurrent prostate cancer and 45.5% (10/22) of the patients with untreated high-risk disease. Overall, PSMA-PET changed management in 73.7% (179/243) of patients.
In addition, the study showed that among 123 patients who underwent prior C-11 PET/CT, PSMA-PET resulted in change of management in 71.5% (88/123) of patients. PSMA-PET also showed significantly higher lesion detection in lymph nodes, bones, and other sites of metastatic disease.
"PSMA PET/CT and PSMA PET/MRI have a significant impact on guiding the proper management of the majority of prostate cancer patients in multiple scenarios regardless of the availability of other advanced imaging," Takahashi noted.
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