Infect > Viral > Influenza

Influenza Pneumonia

- Clinical:

Influenza pneumonia is most commonly associated with type A and rarely type B organisms [1]. Influenza replicates in the respiratory epithelial cells and replication peaks approximately 48 hours after inoculation [1]. The early stages of disease often demonstrate tracheobronchitis and neutrophilic bronchopneumonia [1]. Secondary bacterial pneumonia can occur, particularly with S. pneumoniae [1].

Avian flu is caused by H5N1 subtype of influenza type A and mortality is as high as 60% [1].

- X-ray:

Radiographs show bilateral reticulonodular areas of opacity with or without focal areas of consolidation, usually in the lower lobes [1]. Poorly defined patchy or nodular areas of consolidation that become rapidly confluent (due to DAD) are seen frequently [1]. Pleural effusion is rare [1]. The presence of lobular consolidation suggests superimposed bacterial infection [1].

REFERENCES:

(1) Radiographics 2018; Koo HJ, et al. Radiographic and CT features pf viral pneumonia. 38: 719-739
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